Blockchain based share salem
Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies have had major price drops this month after crackdowns from China and Tesla head Elon Musk saying they would no longer accept bitcoin. Musk changed his position on bitcoin after criticism that the digital mining of coins is bad for the environment. A recent Wall Street Journal article says bitcoin could be considered useless because it is a slower, more pollutive alternative to bank transfers. NO: Bitcoin is not useless — its value is determined by demand. Currently, it is used for speculative online investments and to evade certain laws. As long as people are willing to trade dollars for crypto, bitcoin will continue to exist.
We are searching data for your request:
Upon completion, a link will appear to access the found materials.
Content:
- Winston-Salem startup Fluree emerging as a pacesetter in Web3
- Figure wins SEC approval to sell securities on its blockchain
- Rumour prevention in social networks with layer 2 blockchains
- Winston-Salem’s hottest startup aims to disrupt the world of blockchain
- Why bank guarantees need blockchain
- Fluree Extends Blockchain’s Reach with Semantic Web Tech
- Stock Quotes
- Head of Strategy and Innovation
- Towards a New Model to Secure IoT-based Smart Home Mobile Agents using Blockchain Technology
- BIOVUS BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGIES PRIVATE LIMITED, TAMIL NADU
Winston-Salem startup Fluree emerging as a pacesetter in Web3
Try out PMC Labs and tell us what you think. Learn More. The efficiency of cooperative communication protocols to increase the reliability and range of transmission for Vehicular Ad hoc Network VANET is proven, but identity verification and communication security are required to be ensured. Though it is difficult to maintain strong network connections between vehicles because of there high mobility, with the help of cooperative communication, it is possible to increase the communication efficiency, minimise delay, packet loss, and Packet Dropping Rate PDR.
However, cooperating with unknown or unauthorized vehicles could result in information theft, privacy leakage, vulnerable to different security attacks, etc. In this paper, a blockchain based secure and privacy preserving authentication protocol is proposed for the Internet of Vehicles IoV.
Blockchain is utilized to store and manage the authentication information in a distributed and decentralized environment and developed on the Ethereum platform that uses a digital signature algorithm to ensure confidentiality, non-repudiation, integrity, and preserving the privacy of the IoVs.
For optimized communication, transmitted services are categorized into emergency and optional services. Similarly, to optimize the performance of the authentication process, IoVs are categorized as emergency and general IoVs. The proposed cooperative protocol is validated by numerical analyses which show that the protocol successfully increases the system throughput and decreases PDR and delay.
On the other hand, the authentication protocol requires minimum storage as well as generates low computational overhead that is suitable for the IoVs with limited computer resources. Initialization of internet facility with the vehicles could be utilized to increase communication efficiency as well to increase security requirements.
IoVs could pass emergency messages EM which include lane change information, collision warning, congested road information, accident prevention warnings, traffic signal violation, barriers, obstacles, safe distance warning, etc. The IEEE Because of high mobility, it is difficult to maintain a stable connection for the IoVs during communication which results in packet drop, link blockage, and delay.
Thus, to improve the communication quality at present, most of the ITS communication protocols are available to increase the efficiency of communication while the authentication, reputation, privacy, and security are getting less importance.
Thus, in this paper, a blockchain based authentication protocol is proposed which provides a digital signature facility to ensure confidentiality, integrity, and attack prevention supports so that IoVs can verify the authenticity of the neighbour IoVs before initiating a communication with them. Blockchain provides security services like encryption, signature, hashing, etc.
Special features like decentralization, distribution, flexibility, robustness, temper-resistance, immutability, transparency, fairness, etc. Managing the communication by increasing the transmission rate and decreasing the link breakage, delay and packet dropping rate PDR are primary challenges for VANET researchers. Several protocols are proposed by the researchers for many years to achieve better solutions. IoVs could get similar services provided by RSUs by using the internet.
On the other hand, by utilizing the bandwidth provided by IEEE In this paper, a cooperative protocol is proposed to increase the communication quality.
The concept of the cooperative or helping nodes is while the service provider is far from a potential receiver i. In the current novel coronavirus COVID pandemic, the busyness of the ambulance, medicine suppliers, and other related emergency IoVs become very high and thus it requires special support while providing emergency supports. This will make the authentication process of EVs faster; in addition, by utilizing VSN, it is possible to alert the neighbouring nodes so that they can provide a free passage to the EVs.
All the IoVs are required to register in the Local Authentication Centers LAC to get the public-private key pairs which will become their identity for future communication with the blockchain.
It will also help to preserve the original identity of the IoVs. The registration process is illustrated in Figure 1. A blockchain based authentication schema is proposed so that, before accepting any information or service from any other source, IoVs will check the authenticity of the sender by sending a request to the blockchain.
Blockchain is responsible for storing authentication information of the IoVs in a distributed fashion and supports digital signature based cryptography to ensure additional security services. IoVs have to register to their LACs to get key pairs. The public key of an IoV will be their identity during communication to preserve the privacy, and a private key will be used to send a request to the blockchain.
The blockchain server will provide the reply in the form of 1 and 0, which means authentic and not-authentic, respectively. To increase the range as well as the quality of communication, a cooperative communication protocol is proposed where IoVs can become helper nodes to relay a message or service on behalf of the original sender to those IoVs who do not have a strong communication link with the sender.
All the receiver IoVs will check the authenticity of the service providers as well as the helper node before accepting any message or service. An optimization algorithm is also proposed to select the best helper node. To increase the authentication speed, IoVs are divided into two types where emergency service providers are considered as EVs. Moreover, transmitted messages or services are also divided into two types and important information is considered as EMs and get priorities during transmissions and are delivered before ms.
In Section 3 , the structure of the blockchain based authentication schema is presented with the cooperative model of VANET.
Section 4 provides the implementation details and, in Section 5 , performance and security analysis of the proposed protocols are explained. Section 6 discusses the pros and cons of the proposed protocols and, finally, in Section 7 , the paper is concluded by mentioning some of the possible future works. The exclusive set of features available in the blockchain makes the researchers interested in utilizing it in various fields.
For example, blockchain is utilized by industry 4. Similarly, by collaborating with EDGE computing, cloud storage, and other mobile services, the efficiency, availability, and reliability of blockchain based systems are increased. Utilization of blockchain in ITS is also increasing to get similar advantages to provide source authentication [ 12 ], trust and reputation management [ 13 ], event and message exchange management [ 14 ], intelligent payment [ 15 ], traffic investigation [ 16 ], etc.
To ensure the authenticity of IoVs or IoVs, several authentication methods were proposed previously. Some of the researchers proposed Certificate Authority CA to authenticate IoVs where some of them utilize blockchain for authentication. For example, to increase the efficiency of the authentication and handover process, Lai et al. In [ 18 ], Ali et al. However, to remove the overhead of certificate based system, Ali et al.
Before any transaction, both the cash counter and the driver check the authenticity of each other, and the transaction information is also stored in the blockchain. In [ 21 ], Javaid et al. In [ 22 ], Zhang et al. Additionally, to store the reputation information, all the rule violations are also added in the blockchain.
However, the certificate generation, sign, and verification create high overhead. To increase the security services, the method generates high computational overhead. Similarly, several other protocols like [ 13 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 ] require a lot of time to complete their authentication process. In addition, storing the authentication information of the vehicles with a proposed method by Li et al.
All of the above mentioned protocols depending on the RSU demands expensive infrastructural supports [ 5 ]. However, typical certificate based protocols create higher overhead where the blockchain based system with light-weight encryption generates less overhead and additionally provides extra facilities of typical blockchain [ 12 ]. To increase the reliability of communication and enhance the VSN area, the efficiency of cooperation is already proven [ 31 ]. Several types of cooperation protocols are presented by the researchers to improve the performance of VANETs.
However, cooperation can be formed only if the channel is free. Woo et al. The proposed method by Taghizadeh et al. Similarly, the concurrent transmission based MAC protocol by Zhang et al. In [ 35 ], Zhou et al. In [ 36 ], a cooperative downloading protocol was presented and, in [ 37 ], a relay broadcasting is presented to increase the availability of resources but none of them discloses the delay of their transmission protocol.
The proposed cooperation method by Bharati et al. Therefore, it is not possible to broadcast EMs and communication will be stopped while there is no available time slot. However, an enhancement of the proposed method in [ 38 ] is presented in [ 39 ], where the time slots are utilized more efficiently. Similarly, Zhang et al. However, because of mobility, VANETs are in a dynamic nature and thus TDMA protocol are not able to manage radio resources efficiently, which results in additional delay and minimized throughput [ 31 ].
Thus, a protocol that can manage both emergency and general messages, and will be efficient in terms of throughput, and have minimum delay and PDR is required. On the other hand, to utilize cooperation efficiently, proposed management is required and cooperation should only be used when it is necessary.
Avoiding malicious or bad intended vehicles involved in the VANET authentication of the vehicles is required. To ensure the authentication of vehicles for VANETs, several methods were presented, but blockchain based systems could be a better option with additional features like decentralization, distribution, flexibility, robustness, temper-resistance, immutability, transparency, fairness, etc.
Regular certificate based protocols are not able to provide all these features together. To ensure the security of the communication, an encryption method is crucial, but blockchains usually use strong digital signature methods for encryption, which required a good amount of computational time to perform. For example, ECDSA is used by a Ethereum blockchain which required nearly 10 ms to perform one signature and verification [ 42 ].
To minimize that a light-weight encryption algorithm like RSA could be used will provide a security strength of 80 bits and require one-third the time of ECDSA [ 12 ]. Preserving the privacy of the vehicles is required because identity theft could be performed by malicious entities to perform illegal activities by using it. The real identities should be mapped with the respective public key and stored in a secured place will preserving the privacy of the IoVs.
All of the transmitted messages are not the same in terms of importance. Thus, it requires to handle EMs separately by giving high priorities. Moreover, the performance of the GMT is also important in order to maintain by minimizing the delay, collision, and PDR.
In the previously proposed papers, all the vehicles get equal priority, and there is no special priority for the emergency service provider vehicles. Classification of vehicles will add extra optimization, and ensuring priorities for the emergency IoVs during authentication and driving as well as classification of message or service types also provides priorities to the emergency messages during transmissions. Handling EVs separately by giving them preference while driving can help with performing emergency tasks quickly.
As cooperation can increase the reliability and range of communication, it could be used for VSN. A cooperation protocol is required to be well managed to increase the throughput by minimizing the delay and PDR.
Moreover, it requires handling both the general and emergency messages separately and to ensure SDR for EMs. Many of the previously proposed protocols utilize RSU for various support like computational, storage, management, etc.
However, it requires additional infrastructural cost to construct RSU and maintain. These are the motivations of this research work and all the mentioned points are addressed in the proposed method and proved their efficiency in terms of performance and security.
Intelligent vehicles with internet connectivity i. For the proposed method, it has been considered that all the IoVs are equipped with an OBU with data processing and wireless communication facilities, GPS, sensors, and internet connection facilities.
Figure wins SEC approval to sell securities on its blockchain
All students need opportunities to develop the essential creative and digital literacy skills that drive career success. Join like-minded educators as we explore issues impacting educators and students, including digital literacy and its impact on social justice, representation in digital storytelling, emerging classroom technologies, and more. Educators working across disciplines in formal education and beyond curriculum, professional development and technology leads, researchers, school and university leaders, students, and more. Join Tailyr Irvine, a National Geographic Explorer and instructor of free photo storytelling courses for teachers and students, as she explores the power of visual storytelling to represent and amplify the voices of indigenous communities. And once you have started, why stop? This session challenges all students, especially those who are expecting to enter the workforce soon, to take control of their own narratives through career branding and digital portfolios. Join Todd Taylor , Adobe pedagogical evangelist and professor of English at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, to explore two student case studies, one in medicine and the other in digital media.
Rumour prevention in social networks with layer 2 blockchains
SlideShare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. See our User Agreement and Privacy Policy. See our Privacy Policy and User Agreement for details. Create your free account to read unlimited documents. The SlideShare family just got bigger. Home Explore Login Signup. Successfully reported this slideshow.
Winston-Salem’s hottest startup aims to disrupt the world of blockchain
Wall Street has something for you. The U. But like much in the crypto world, the Bitcoin-linked ETF is a bit complicated. A Bitcoin-related ETF would give investors a new way to get involved in the fast-growing field of cryptocurrency. If it does, it could help support portfolios when everything else is falling or when inflation is high.
Why bank guarantees need blockchain
Technology innovations can open the doors to new ways of working and new opportunities for creating value. ANZ and Westpac — two providers of bank guarantees — recently partnered with Scentre Group — the owner and operator of Westfield in Australia and New Zealand — and IBM — a leader in blockchain and DLTs — to test if a blockchain solution could replace the current manually issued bank guarantee process. The findings — detailed in a whitepaper, Distributed Ledger Technology and Bank Guarantees for Commercial Property Leasing — demonstrate the immense promise of DLT to better facilitate the necessary flow of information between parties while balancing competing needs of transparency and confidentiality —a significant boon for the industry. Click image to zoom Tap image to zoom. Simple concept map for bank guarantees in commercial property leasing. The nature of blockchain allows for the encryption of information which cannot be easily changed or falsified.
Fluree Extends Blockchain’s Reach with Semantic Web Tech
Adoption Assistance. Beer on Tap. Casual Dress. Child Care. Commuter Benefits.
Stock Quotes
Thank you for visiting nature. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. To obtain the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser or turn off compatibility mode in Internet Explorer. In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles and JavaScript.
Head of Strategy and Innovation
Skip to main content. Search results. Blockchain technology is heralded for improving trust and can provide a new approach for creating transparency and promoting accountability of government activities. However, it is still not clear how and in what ways blockchain technologies can improve this. This study examines the mechanisms and capability of blockchain technology to
Towards a New Model to Secure IoT-based Smart Home Mobile Agents using Blockchain Technology
The U. Air Force USAF is planning to test a blockchain-based graph database that will allow it to share documents internally as well as throughout the various branches of the Department of Defense and allied governments. The permissioned blockchain ledger comes from a small Winston-Salem, N. The ledger could include intelligence gathered during military operations and supply chain parts tracking. A diagram of the core components of Fluree. Fluree ensures secure communications and data integrity by combining transactions into immutable time-stamped blocks and locking in each block via advanced cryptography.
BIOVUS BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGIES PRIVATE LIMITED, TAMIL NADU
A Democratic state senator from southern Oregon said his region, awash in illegal marijuana farms that are protected by gunmen, is starting to look more like a failed state. Seven years after Oregon voters passed a ballot measure legalizing the recreational use of marijuana and its regulated cultivation and sale, the state is grappling with an explosion of illegal marijuana farms that have brazenly cropped up, primarily in Josephine and Jackson counties in the south. A Canadian energy company that sought to build a natural gas pipeline and marine export terminal in Oregon has pulled the plug on the controversial project after failing to obtain all necessary state permits. Pillow pundit Mike Lindell during his hour "Thanks-a-Thon" livestream that he's pulling his ads from Christian radio network Salem.
Aaaaaaa! Hurry up! I can't wait
I think this has already been discussed, use the search on the forum.
This idea will come in handy.