Ethereum asset tracking

In DeFi you and only you are a custodian of your own funds and assets. We collected the best DeFi friendly wallets, apps, and dashboards for managing your cryptocurrencies and assets. Argent is a smart contract based wallet for Ethereum crypto-assets and dApps. Argent - a new type of Ethereum wallet.

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Content:

• Ethereum: Crypto’s Evolutionary Platform
• How deflationary is Ethereum’s digital currency Ether?
• Bitcoin For All
• World’s biggest digital currency asset manager launches a DeFi fund
• Cook Finance Brings Cross-Chain Asset Management to Ethereum
• Invest in tomorrow, today.
• Crypto Asset Management
• ApexDAO, an ethereum-based dApp for decentralized asset management
• Crypto asset manager Grayscale now has $10 billion worth of Ethereum under its management.
• Ether Touches Record High Of $4,643 On Wider Blockchain Adoption, Bitcoin Trails

WATCH RELATED VIDEO: safe-crypto.me Tutorial - Check all transactions to an Ethereum address in safe-crypto.me (in real-time)

Ethereum: Crypto’s Evolutionary Platform

The term decentralized finance DeFi refers to an alternative financial infrastructure built on top of the Ethereum blockchain.

DeFi uses smart contracts to create protocols that replicate existing financial services in a more open, interoperable, and transparent way. This article highlights opportunities and potential risks of the DeFi ecosystem. I propose a multi-layered framework to analyze the implicit architecture and the various DeFi building blocks, including token standards, decentralized exchanges, decentralized debt markets, blockchain derivatives, and on-chain asset management protocols.

I conclude that DeFi still is a niche market with certain risks but that it also has interesting properties in terms of efficiency, transparency, accessibility, and composability. As such, DeFi may potentially contribute to a more robust and transparent financial infrastructure. The author thanks two anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments and especially Florian Bitterli, Raphael Knechtli, and Tobias Wagner for their support with data collection and visualization and Emma Littlejohn and Amadeo Brands for proofreading.

Decentralized finance DeFi is a blockchain-based financial infrastructure that has recently gained a lot of traction. The term generally refers to an open, permissionless, and highly interoperable protocol stack built on public smart contract platforms, such as the Ethereum blockchain see Buterin, It replicates existing financial services in a more open and transparent way.

In particular, DeFi does not rely on intermediaries and centralized institutions. Instead, it is based on open protocols and decentralized applications DApps. Agreements are enforced by code, transactions are executed in a secure and verifiable way, and legitimate state changes persist on a public blockchain. Thus, this architecture can create an immutable and highly interoperable financial system with unprecedented transparency, equal access rights, and little need for custodians, central clearing houses, or escrow services, as most of these roles can be assumed by "smart contracts.

DeFi already offers a wide variety of applications. For example, one can buy U. The backbone of all DeFi protocols and applications is smart contracts. Smart contracts generally refer to small applications stored on a blockchain and executed in parallel by a large set of validators.

In the context of public blockchains, the network is designed so that each participant can be involved in and verify the correct execution of any operation. As a result, smart contracts are somewhat inefficient compared with traditional centralized computing. However, their advantage is a high level of security: Smart contracts will always be executed as specified and allow anyone to verify the resulting state changes independently.

When implemented securely, smart contracts are highly transparent and minimize the risk of manipulation and arbitrary intervention. To understand the novelty of smart contracts, we first must look at regular server-based web applications. When a user interacts with such an application, they cannot observe the application's internal logic.

Moreover, the user is not in control of the execution environment. Either one or both could be manipulated. As a result, the user has to trust the application service provider. Smart contracts mitigate both problems and ensure that an application runs as expected.

The contract code is stored on the underlying blockchain and can therefore be publicly scrutinized. The contract's behavior is deterministic, and function calls in the form of transactions are processed by thousands of network participants in parallel, ensuring the execution's legitimacy.

When the execution leads to state changes, for example, the change of account balances, these changes are subject to the blockchain network's consensus rules and will be reflected in and protected by the blockchain's state tree. Smart contracts have access to a rich instruction set and are therefore quite flexible. Additionally, they can store cryptoassets and thereby assume the role of a custodian, with entirely customizable criteria for how, when, and to whom these assets can be released.

This allows for a large variety of novel applications and flourishing ecosystems. The original concept of a smart contract was coined by Szabo Szabo used the example of a vending machine to describe the idea further and argued that many agreements could be "embedded in the hardware and software we deal with, in such a way as to make a breach of contract expensive…for the breacher.

Additionally, this platform allows the contracts to interact with and build on top of each other composability. The concept was further formalized by Wood and implemented under the name Ethereum. Although there are many alternatives, Ethereum is the largest smart contract platform in terms of market cap, available applications, and development activity.

DeFi still is a niche market with relatively low volumes—however, these numbers are growing rapidly. It is essential to understand that these are not transaction volume or market cap numbers; the value refers to reserves locked in smart contracts for use in various ways that will be explained in the course of this paper.

The spectacular growth of these assets alongside some truly innovative protocols suggests that DeFi may become relevant in a much broader context and has sparked interest among policymakers, researchers, and financial institutions. This article is targeted at individuals from these organizations with an economics or legal background and serves as a survey and an introduction to the topic.

In particular, it identifies opportunities and risks and should be seen as a foundation for further research. DeFi uses a multi-layered architecture. Every layer has a distinct purpose. The layers build on each other and create an open and highly composable infrastructure that allows everyone to build on, rehash, or use other parts of the stack.

It is also crucial to understand that these layers are hierarchical: They are only as secure as the layers below. If, for example, the blockchain in the settlement layer is compromised, all subsequent layers would not be secure. Similarly, if we were to use a permissioned ledger as the foundation, any decentralization efforts on subsequent layers would be ineffective.

This section proposes a conceptual framework for analyzing these layers and studying the token and the protocol layers in greater detail. Now that we understand the conceptual model, let us take a closer look at tokenization and the protocol layer.

After a short introduction to asset tokenization, we will investigate decentralized exchange protocols, decentralized lending platforms, decentralized derivatives, and on-chain asset management.

This allows us to establish the foundation needed for our analysis of the potential and risks of DeFi. Public blockchains are databases that allow participants to establish a shared and immutable record of ownership—a ledger. Usually, a ledger is used to track the native protocol asset of the respective blockchain. However, when public blockchain technology became more popular, so did the idea of making additional assets available on these ledgers.

The process of adding new assets to a blockchain is called tokenization, and the blockchain representation of the asset is referred to as a token. The general idea of tokenization is to make assets more accessible and transactions more efficient. In particular, tokenized assets can be transferred easily and within seconds from and to anyone in the world.

They can be used in many decentralized applications and stored within smart contracts. As such, these tokens are an essential part of the DeFi ecosystem. However, most of these options can be ignored, as the vast majority of tokens are issued on the Ethereum blockchain through a smart contract template referred to as the ERC token standard Vogelsteller and Buterin, These tokens are interoperable and can be used in almost all DeFi applications.

Almost 90 percent of all listed tokens are issued on the Ethereum blockchain. The slight deviation in terms of market cap originates from the fact that a relatively large portion of the USDT stablecoin has been issued on Omni.

From an economic perspective, I am more interested in the asset's nature than in the underlying technical standard used to implement the asset's digital representation. The main motivation for adding additional assets on-chain is the addition of a stablecoin. While it would be possible to use the aforementioned protocol assets BTC or ETH , many financial contracts require a low-volatility asset. Tokenization enables the creation of these assets. However, one of the main concerns with tokenized assets is issuer risk.

In contrast, when someone introduces tokens with a promise, for example, interest payments, dividends, or the delivery of a good or service, the corresponding token's value will depend on this claim's credibility.

If an issuer is unwilling or unable to deliver, the token may become worthless or trade at a significant discount. This logic also applies to stablecoins. Generally speaking, there are three backing models for promise-based tokens: off-chain collateral , on-chain collateral , and no collateral. Off-chain collateral means that the underlying assets are stored with an escrow service, for example, a commercial bank. On-chain collateral means that the assets are locked on the blockchain, usually within a smart contract.

In this case, the promise is entirely trust-based. On-chain collateral has several advantages. It is highly transparent, and claims can be secured by smart contracts, allowing processes to be executed in a semi-automatic way.

A disadvantage of on-chain collateral is that this collateral is usually held in a native protocol asset or a derivative thereof and, therefore, will experience price fluctuations. Take the example of the Dai stablecoin, which mainly uses ETH as its on-chain collateral to create a decentralized and trustless Dai token pegged to the value of 1 USD.

Whenever anyone wants to issue new Dai tokens, they first need to lock enough ETH as underlying collateral in a smart contract provided by the Maker Protocol. If the value of the underlying ETH collateral at any point falls below the minimum threshold of percent of the outstanding Dai value, the smart contract will auction off the collateral to cancel the debt in Dai. Figure 3 shows some key metrics of the Dai stablecoin, including price, total Dai in circulation, and the stability fee, that is, the interest rate that has to be paid by anyone who is creating new Dai see Section 2.

There are also several examples of off-chain collateralized stablecoins. They are both available as ERC tokens on the Ethereum blockchain. Off-chain collateralized tokens can mitigate exchange rate risk, as the collateral may be equivalent to the tokenized claim e. However, off-chain collateralized tokens introduce counterparty risk and external dependencies. Tokens that use off-chain collateral require regular audits and precautionary measures to ensure that the underlying collateral is available at all times.

This process is costly and, in many cases, not entirely transparent for the token holders. While I am unaware of any functional designs for unbacked stablecoins, that is, stablecoins that do not use any form of collateral to maintain the peg, several organizations are working on that idea. Note that rebase tokens such as Ampleforth or YAM do not qualify as stablecoins.

They only provide a stable unit of account but still expose the holder to volatility in the form of a dynamic token quantity. Although stablecoins serve a vital role in the DeFi ecosystem, it would not do justice to the subject of tokenization to limit the discussion to these assets. There are all kinds of tokens that serve a variety of purposes, including governance tokens for decentralized autonomous organizations DAO , tokens that allow the holder to perform specific actions in a smart contract, tokens that resemble shares or bonds, and even synthetic tokens that can track the price of any real-world asset.

Another distinct category are so-called non-fungible tokens NFTs. NFTs are tokens that represent unique assets, that is, collectibles. They can either be the digital representation of a physical object such as a piece of art, making them subject to the usual counterparty risk, or a digitally native unit of value with unique characteristics.

How deflationary is Ethereum’s digital currency Ether?

A non-fungible token NFT is a non-interchangeable unit of data stored on a blockchain , a form of digital ledger. Because each token is uniquely identifiable, NFTs differ from blockchain cryptocurrencies , such as Bitcoin. NFT ledgers claim to provide a public certificate of authenticity or proof of ownership , but the legal rights conveyed by an NFT can be uncertain. NFTs do not restrict the sharing or copying of the underlying digital files and do not prevent the creation of NFTs with identical associated files. NFTs have been used as a speculative asset, and they have drawn criticism for the energy cost and carbon footprint associated with validating blockchain transactions as well as their frequent use in art scams.

Bitcoin For All

Losses and security issues can happen. The system holds crypto when it runs. When crypto drops, it moves out to avoid loss. When funds are out of the market, it uses them to earn low risk monthly yield on highly established and vetted crypto lending platforms. The system is fully systematic and does not use leverage or take short positions. Protos gives investors exposure to professionally managed portfolios of cryptocurrency assets and DeFi networks. Since Protos has helped over investors gain exposure to the emerging digital asset class. We offer products for those holding crypto and those investing with fiat currency.

World’s biggest digital currency asset manager launches a DeFi fund

This post walks through the steps to creating a simple Ethereum DApp using Web3. This article also provides explanation of various pieces of technology involved in developing DApps. Decentralized Applications or DApps are applications that do not rely on a centralized backend running in AWS or Azure that power traditional web and mobile applications outside of hosting the frontend code itself. These blockchain nodes do not require a leader which would defeat the purpose of being truly decentralized.

Cook Finance Brings Cross-Chain Asset Management to Ethereum

As demand for Ethereum , the most used blockchain network , has surged this year, other projects have emerged in an attempt to compete. Among them is Solana , a blockchain with a native cryptocurrency called SOL. There are a few reasons why Ethereum and Solana are often compared. For one, both have smart contract capabilities. Smart contracts, or collections of code that carry out a set of instructions on the blockchain, are crucial in running decentralized finance, or DeFi, applications and nonfungible tokens, or NFTs.

Invest in tomorrow, today.

The price war in Bitcoin exchange-traded funds started not long after the first two products launched. Evolve Funds Group Inc. That will make it cheaper than two competing products from Purpose Investments Inc. Last week, all three announced plans to release ETFs tracking the popular cryptocurrency in the Canadian market on Tuesday, investing directly in Ether tokens. Although Europe has several exchange-traded products tracking Ether and Grayscale Investments offers an Ethereum Trust, this will be a first for the North American market. If the fierce demand for the first Bitcoin ETFs is any indication, the three funds are likely to see a rush of inflows, making any differences between the options especially impactful.

Crypto Asset Management

Since , Pantera has invested in digital assets and blockchain companies, providing investors with the full spectrum of exposure to the space. Pantera launched the first cryptocurrency fund in the U. The firm subsequently launched the first blockchain-focused venture fund. In , Pantera was the first to offer an early-stage token fund.

ApexDAO, an ethereum-based dApp for decentralized asset management

Crypto asset management is the practice of purchasing and selling digital assets to be used as investments while managing a portfolio to experience an overall growth in value. Asset management is not a new practice, but managing a crypto asset portfolio—or portion of a portfolio—has only become a necessity since cryptocurrency and other blockchain-linked digital assets drew the attention of investors. Bitcoin made its debut in ; initially, there was very little interest from investors—until they realized there might be potential for gains following rising Bitcoin prices. Ethereum's introduction in gave the world another jolt by introducing a blockchain that was programmable and versatile.

Crypto asset manager Grayscale now has $10 billion worth of Ethereum under its management.

The fund offers exposure to a selection of industry-leading DeFi protocols. DeFi refers to the decentralized financial services built on top of distributed blockchain networks with no central intermediaries such as banks, custodians and exchanges. Examples of DeFi protocols include decentralized exchanges, decentralized borrowing and lending platforms as well as stablecoins. A stablecoin is a digital currency that is linked to an underlying asset such as a national currency such as the US dollar or a precious metal such as gold. The Grayscale DeFi Fund comprises 10 tokens, which represent several use cases for these applications, including DEXs, lending, derivatives, and asset management. Grayscale DeFi Fund offers investors exposure to a selection of industry-leading DeFi protocols through a market-capitalization-weighted portfolio designed to track the CoinDesk DeFi Index.

Ether Touches Record High Of $4,643 On Wider Blockchain Adoption, Bitcoin Trails

If you're new to DeFi and using a self-custody wallet like MetaMask or Ledger, you probably have asked yourself "how should I track all assets in DeFi? DeFi presents a world of new opportunities to make your money work harder for you earning yield in the form of lending interest, trading fees, and yield farming rewards. That opportunity also introduces complexity in tracking where your assets are invested and how much they're worth. When I got started in crypto, I kept a spreadsheet to try to track how much money I had invested and traded.