Mining helium
What if we found a clean, abundant resource that could provide the lion's share of the world's energy needs? How far would we be willing to go to get it? The movie's protagonist—and essentially the only character who ever appears on camera—is Sam Bell played by Sam Rockwell , a man nearing the end of a three-year contract staffing a moon base devoted to mining helium 3 for use back home. In this not-too-distant future, nuclear fusion of helium 3, a light isotope of the familiar element, supplies 70 percent of the world's energy, and bases such as Sarang, on the far side of the moon, keep the reactors fueled.
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Helium 3: Let's go mine the moon!
Recently, U. Nuclear Corp. Solar System Resources has agreed to provide kilograms of helium-3 mined from the Moon to U. According to a paper published by Jeff Bonde and Anthony Tortorello, helium-3 is an isotope that has been deposited in lunar soil over billions of years by solar wind. Roughly 1. Twenty-five metric tons of helium-3, about a quarter of the cargo capacity of a SpaceX Starship, would suffice to fuel all the power needs of the United States for a year.
The announcement does not reveal how Solar System Resource proposes to mine the helium However, the paper suggests that a rover could scoop up lunar regolith, separate helium-3 along with oxygen and hydrogen, store them and eject the processed lunar soil. The gasses would be taken back to a lunar base where the oxygen and hydrogen would be put to good use and the helium-3 stored for later export to Earth.
The announcement also does not reveal what U. The company, which builds radiation detection devices, has a subsidiary, Magneto-Inertial Fusion Technology, Inc. This would create a fusion reaction long enough and sustained enough to become a power source. Presumably, an abundant store of helium-3 could be an asset for those experiments.
Fusion using helium-3 has advantages and disadvantages over using deuterium, an isotope of hydrogen and tritium, another isotope of hydrogen. Deuterium and tritium fusion releases radioactive neutrons that will damage and weaken the containment vessel. Periodically, a fusion reactor using this method would have to be taken offline for decontamination. Tritium is also radioactive, making its handling difficult and dangerous.
A deuterium and helium-3 fusion creates helium and charged protons as byproducts and few or no radioactive particles. The main disadvantage of fusion using helium-3 is that it would take a far greater amount of energy to achieve it than the conventional deuterium and tritium variety.
The Fusion Technology Institute has achieved some progress in minimizing radioactive neutron production using different technology. Helium-3 fusion is an even more promising technology, albeit a more difficult and complicated one to develop. The consensus seems to be that such reactors will not be achieved for some decades, say mid-century. No one can guarantee that enough helium-3 will be mined from the Moon to jump-start serious development of technology using the isotope as a fusion fuel in the foreseeable future.
There is no guarantee that such a development will see practical results anytime soon. However, the effort would be well worth pursuing, with substantial money and effort deployed behind it. If not the two aforementioned companies, someone should undertake the effort. Fusion using helium-3 as fuel would change the world in profoundly beneficial ways. The great problem civilization faces is access to clean, affordable and reliable energy.
Recent events in Texas prove that not having energy, even for a few days, can be catastrophic. At the same time, humankind needs sources of energy that do not harm the environment, especially by emitting greenhouse gasses. It appears that humankind is returning to the Moon, at long last.
There are many reasons to return to the Moon, from science, to commerce, to soft political power. Mark Whittington, who writes frequently about space and politics, has published a political study of space exploration entitled Why is It So Hard to Go Back to the Moon? View the discussion thread. Skip to main content. Don't miss a brief. Sign up for our daily email. Your Email.
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Here's a riddle: What do the Moon, nuclear weapons, clean energy of the future, terrorism, and lung disease all have in common? The answer is helium-3, a gas that's extremely rare on Earth but million times more abundant on the Moon. This past October, the Lockheed Martin corporation announced a concept for a lunar landing craft that may return humans to the Moon in the coming decade, and yesterday China successfully landed the Change-4 probe on the far side of the Moon. Landing inside the Moon's deepest crater, the Chinese achieved a first in space exploration history. Meanwhile, later this month, India's Chandrayaan-2 space probe will also land on the lunar surface.
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Geoff Brumfiel. An Afghan boy sells balloons in Kabul. We shouldn't worry about using helium for celebrations because, as one expert says, "The helium that's used in party balloons gets everybody to care about this resource. Helium is the second-most common element in the universe, but it's comparatively rare on Earth. It also fulfills a surprising role in everything from space exploration to quantum computing. New discoveries, everyday mysteries and the science behind the headlines — all in about 10 minutes, every weekday.
Solving the climate and energy crises: Mine the Moon's helium-3?
By Ellie Zolfagharifard. The lunar dirt brought back by mankind's first moonwalkers contained an abundance of titanium, platinum and other valuable minerals. But our satellite also contains a substance that could be of even greater use to civilisation — one that could revolutionise energy production. It's called helium 3 and has been dumped on the moon in vast quantities by solar winds. Helium 3, scientists argue, could power clean fusion plants. Two fully-loaded Space Shuttle cargo bay's worth - about 40 tonnes worth - could power the United States for a year at the current rate of energy consumption.
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Chinese scientists say that the rare Helium-3 isotope found on the moon could provide enough clean energy to power Earth for tens of thousands of years, ridding humanity of its dependence on finite fossil fuels. Helium-3 is a non-radioactive isotope of helium that the Sun ejects in massive quantities. Helium-3 is rarely found on Earth simply because our atmosphere prevents most of it from accumulating on the surface. The moon, however, has no real atmosphere, so in theory the rare element would have been accumulating there for billions of years. If China has its way, this sci-fi-esque idea could be a reality as early as , but here are the existing barriers:.
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