Wiki blockchain
This article is being considered for archiving. Bitcoin is a decentralized P2P electronic cash system without a central server or trusted parties. Users hold the cryptographic keys to their own money and make transactions directly with each other, with the help of the network to check for double-spending. Bitcoins, usually denoted by BTC e. The Bitcoin network runs on peer-to-peer networking, digital signatures and cryptographic proof to make and verify transactions. Nodes broadcast transactions to the network, which records them in a public record of all transactions, called the blockchain.
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Blockchains are geographically distributed networks of databases that store the same information in a secure, verifiable, and permanent way. Some are hailing them as one of the most revolutionary innovations since the Web — and the potential applications for online learning in higher education are significant. Examples of possible uses range from creating lifelong digital portfolios, storing of academic credentials, and protecting intellectual property through to creating an entire virtual blockchain university.
To begin with, here are some descriptions of the concept of blockchains:. Higher education institutions need to be able to track student work, progress toward goals, and credentials earned. Students need to monitor their academic progress, share credentials earned at their previous and current institutions, and keep records of informal learning activities completed and badges accumulated.
Academics need to protect ownership of academic property that they create. Blockchains provide the permanence and security to allow institutions, and their students and faculty, to record and share these kinds of data.
Here are links to some general discussion papers on the relevancy of blockchains to higher education:. In , an individual or group of individuals operating under the pseudonym of Satoshi Nakamoto published a white paper that set in motion the crypto-currency called Bitcoin. The underlying technology of the Bitcoin is blockchains, and frequently many incorrectly treat the two concepts as synonymous.
In fact, there are three different types of blockchains — public, permissioned, and private. Bitcoin is an example of a public blockchain. Here are links to overviews of the types of blockchains that are available, but note that the actual labels used will vary:. In , the University of Nicosia in Cyprus announced that it would accept Bitcoin for tuition payment. Since then, a growing number of other institutions are accepting this cryptocurrency for tuition, student expenses, and donations.
University of Nicosia even offers a tuition discount when payment is made with Bitcoin. Here are some examples of institutions that accept Bitcoin for tuition and other expenses:. The owner would have full control over the portfolio and could add items as they are earned. They would also have the option to choose to share all or only portions of this e-portfolio with future employers or institutions to which one is applying.
Here are links to discussion papers on blockchain-based e-portfolios:. Gathering and sharing of academic credentials is an ongoing aggravation for students as they apply for entrance to post-secondary or graduate education and for employment beyond graduation, especially if they attend multiple institutions. Blockchains can provide secure, trusted, ready access to credentials when needed.
Some organizations and institutions are starting to make use of blockchains for this purpose; examples of some are linked to below:. Demand for online tutoring in higher education is growing. Moreover, students often face difficulty in identifying knowledgeable, skilled tutors who have successful track records.
Blockchains have the potential to address this issue through permanent, secure, and trusted networks. Here are links to initiatives that describe how blockchains can accomplish this:. When learners transition from higher education to the workplace, they are hindered if they want to keep an accurate, verifiable record of their lifelong learning activities. They may take, for example, informal or formal courses, on-the-job training, MOOCs, or conference workshops. Blockchains offer learners the ability to record these activities in a time-stamped, verifiable way, which they can share with employers or other organizations, even if the credential issuer or host no longer exists.
Here are links to how blockchains can be used this way:. Academics as well as other creators of original intellectual property sometimes face difficulty establishing proof that they were the original creators of those assets. Blockchains offer them the possibility of establishing a timestamped, unalterable, and verifiable record of their creations.
If appropriate, blockchains also can collect any royalties or commissions for use of their intellectual property. Here are links that illustrate how blockchains can be used for this purpose:. Blockchains are far from panaceas for the problems facing online higher education. For one, they are still a relatively new and untested technology that has been hyped by the media recall the early hype about MOOCs!
Links to discussions about limitations such as these are given below:. Skip to main content. Ten Facts About Blockchain. October 09, Estimated time to read this post: 8 minutes. What are blockchains? To begin with, here are some descriptions of the concept of blockchains: Explainer: What is a Blockchain?
Why are they relevant to higher education? Here are links to some general discussion papers on the relevancy of blockchains to higher education: What is the Role of Blockchain in Education?
Blockchains are not the same as Bitcoins In , an individual or group of individuals operating under the pseudonym of Satoshi Nakamoto published a white paper that set in motion the crypto-currency called Bitcoin.
Blockchain-based currencies are being accepted for tuition and services In , the University of Nicosia in Cyprus announced that it would accept Bitcoin for tuition payment. Blockchains can make academic credentials secure Gathering and sharing of academic credentials is an ongoing aggravation for students as they apply for entrance to post-secondary or graduate education and for employment beyond graduation, especially if they attend multiple institutions.
Blockchains can connect students and tutors Demand for online tutoring in higher education is growing. Blockchains can support lifelong learning When learners transition from higher education to the workplace, they are hindered if they want to keep an accurate, verifiable record of their lifelong learning activities.
Blockchains can protect intellectual property ownership Academics as well as other creators of original intellectual property sometimes face difficulty establishing proof that they were the original creators of those assets. Blockchains have their limitations Blockchains are far from panaceas for the problems facing online higher education.
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Aleph Zero is a Proof-of-Stake public blockchain with private smart contracts built from the first principles. The Aleph Zero Consensus Protocol has been officially peer-reviewed and accepted for publication in the conference proceedings of Advances in Financial Technology The implementation of the consensus has been audited by Trail of Bits in We trust that enterprises and SMBs can greatly benefit from a public, peer-reviewed platform with private transactions. Aleph Zero will also be capable of synchronizing with other blockchains and running smart contracts—and its privacy framework can be used on all the major chains. Moreover, the team is working on a truly trustless universal wallet called Common. AlephBFT is integrated with the Substrate stack to ensure wider adoption and premier user experience.
Block chain
Console updates are here! Start using the network today. By deploying a simple device in your home or office, you can provide your city with miles of low-power network coverage for billions of devices and earn a new cryptocurrency, HNT. Hotspots are built by a variety of vendors to suit your needs. Thousands of existing solutions, sensors, devices and gateways can be easily configured to run LongFi - a powerful blend of LoRaWAN and blockchain technologies. The People's Network is built on Open Source technology and governed by an open alliance. Say goodbye to expensive cell contracts. On Helium a sensor can cost cents to run a year.
NFTs, explained
Wikipedia co-founder Jimmy Wales has auctioned off a non-fungible token NFT of the first edit ever made on the site. Wales typed the words "Hello, World! An NFT is a piece of digital content linked to the blockchain, the digital database underpinning cryptocurrencies such as bitcoin and ethereum. They transform digital works of art and other collectibles into one-of-a-kind, verifiable assets that are easy to trade on the blockchain, and have seen a huge spike of interest in the art world. Jimmy Wales created the edit on January 15,
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Blockchain is a list of digital records called blocks that are securely linked together to form a chain using secure encryption and time stamps. Blockchains form a digital ledger, which is a history of transaction records that can be accessed by multiple users but cannot be individually modified. The theory behind blockchain was first described in The desire was to create a system in which documents could be timestamped and linked together digitally or cryptographically. In , someone or a group of people, known as Satoshi Nakamoto, created the first cryptocurrency known as Bitcoin.
Wikipedia's first ever edit sells as NFT for $750K
CTF covers a wide range of fields. Along with the evolving security technology, the difficulty of CTF challenges is getting harder and harder. As a result, the learning curve for beginners is getting steeper. Most online information is scattered and trivial. Beginners often don't know how to systematically learn CTF , which requires a lot of work and effort.
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Wikimedia, the non-profit foundation that runs Wikipedia, is facing internal opposition to its policy of accepting cryptocurrency as a form of donation, primarily for environmental reasons. The contributor argues that Wikipedia risks damaging its reputation by accepting crypto donations, citing the recent decision by non-profit peer, Mozilla, to pause accepting donations in crypto. Wikimedia currently accepts bitcoin, bitcoin cash, and ether via BitPay. Crypto miners, which use tremendous amounts of computing power to validate transactions using PoW, have been criticized for damaging the environment.
Blockchains is dedicated to innovating with unlimited velocity; so, our efforts do not stop at software. We envision a world transformed by blockchain technology. Your online presence and interactions with companies in the real world that digitize their records create a comprehensive digital identity, and not necessarily one that you have in your control. Currently, your personal data and digital footprint have been recorded and stored with little to no input from you as to how it will be used today or in the future. Blockchain technology for decentralized digital identities is paving the way for an important paradigm shift centered around control of your digital identity: you can be in control of your personal data, who has access to what parts of it, and under what conditions.
Subscriber Account active since. The Wikipedia founder has emerged as a prominent critic of blockchain technology, but still managed to score a speaking slot at the gung-ho conference. Does Wikipedia somehow hold cryptocurrency or ICO ambitions?
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