Hyperledger vs blockchain

Hyperledger and Ethereum have caused a boom of interest in the Blockchain world. Both of these blockchain platforms are open-source and finding viable applications in industry, as well as gathering a host of developers for their cause and encouraging the collaborative development of these blockchain-based frameworks and tools. So when it comes to Hyperledger vs Ethereum , which should you chose? The Ethereum project was created by Vitalik Buterin. It is primarily an open-source and public blockchain network.

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Content:

• The top 5 enterprise blockchain platforms you need to know about
• The rise of private blockchains
• Blockchain vs Hedera Hashgraph
• Public vs. Consortium vs. Federated vs. Private Blockchain
• Distributed Ledger Frameworks Comparison: Corda vs Hyperledger Fabric
• Ethereum vs Hyperledger Fabric
• Hyperledger Vs Ethereum: Which One You Should Pick in 2022?
• Hyperledger vs NEM: Blockchain Technologies to Look for in 2019
• Hyperledger Fabric: A Global Leader in Enterprise DLT
• Ep.53 – Debate – Public vs Private blockchains for enterprises with R3 and Consensys

WATCH RELATED VIDEO: Hyperledger vs Ethereum - Difference between Hyperledger and Ethereum - 101 Blockchains

The top 5 enterprise blockchain platforms you need to know about

In general terms, a blockchain is an immutable transaction ledger, maintained within a distributed network of peer nodes.

These nodes each maintain a copy of the ledger by applying transactions that have been validated by a consensus protocol , grouped into blocks that include a hash that bind each block to the preceding block.

The first and most widely recognized application of blockchain is the Bitcoin cryptocurrency, though others have followed in its footsteps. Ethereum, an alternative cryptocurrency, took a different approach, integrating many of the same characteristics as Bitcoin but adding smart contracts to create a platform for distributed applications.

Bitcoin and Ethereum fall into a class of blockchain that we would classify as public permissionless blockchain technology. Basically, these are public networks, open to anyone, where participants interact anonymously. As the popularity of Bitcoin, Ethereum and a few other derivative technologies grew, interest in applying the underlying technology of the blockchain, distributed ledger and distributed application platform to more innovative enterprise use cases also grew.

However, many enterprise use cases require performance characteristics that the permissionless blockchain technologies are unable presently to deliver. In addition, in many use cases, the identity of the participants is a hard requirement, such as in the case of financial transactions where Know-Your-Customer KYC and Anti-Money Laundering AML regulations must be followed.

While many early blockchain platforms are currently being adapted for enterprise use, Hyperledger Fabric has been designed for enterprise use from the outset. The following sections describe how Hyperledger Fabric Fabric differentiates itself from other blockchain platforms and describes some of the motivation for its architectural decisions. Hyperledger Fabric is an open source enterprise-grade permissioned distributed ledger technology DLT platform, designed for use in enterprise contexts, that delivers some key differentiating capabilities over other popular distributed ledger or blockchain platforms.

One key point of differentiation is that Hyperledger was established under the Linux Foundation, which itself has a long and very successful history of nurturing open source projects under open governance that grow strong sustaining communities and thriving ecosystems.

Hyperledger is governed by a diverse technical steering committee, and the Hyperledger Fabric project by a diverse set of maintainers from multiple organizations. It has a development community that has grown to over 35 organizations and nearly developers since its earliest commits. Fabric has a highly modular and configurable architecture, enabling innovation, versatility and optimization for a broad range of industry use cases including banking, finance, insurance, healthcare, human resources, supply chain and even digital music delivery.

Fabric is the first distributed ledger platform to support smart contracts authored in general-purpose programming languages such as Java, Go and Node. This means that most enterprises already have the skill set needed to develop smart contracts, and no additional training to learn a new language or DSL is needed.

The Fabric platform is also permissioned , meaning that, unlike with a public permissionless network, the participants are known to each other, rather than anonymous and therefore fully untrusted. This means that while the participants may not fully trust one another they may, for example, be competitors in the same industry , a network can be operated under a governance model that is built off of what trust does exist between participants, such as a legal agreement or framework for handling disputes.

For instance, when deployed within a single enterprise, or operated by a trusted authority, fully byzantine fault tolerant consensus might be considered unnecessary and an excessive drag on performance and throughput. In situations such as that, a crash fault-tolerant CFT consensus protocol might be more than adequate whereas, in a multi-party, decentralized use case, a more traditional byzantine fault tolerant BFT consensus protocol might be required.

Fabric can leverage consensus protocols that do not require a native cryptocurrency to incent costly mining or to fuel smart contract execution. Hyperledger Fabric has been specifically architected to have a modular architecture. Whether it is pluggable consensus, pluggable identity management protocols such as LDAP or OpenID Connect, key management protocols or cryptographic libraries, the platform has been designed at its core to be configured to meet the diversity of enterprise use case requirements.

Hyperledger Fabric can be configured in multiple ways to satisfy the diverse solution requirements for multiple industry use cases. In a permissionless blockchain, virtually anyone can participate, and every participant is anonymous. In such a context, there can be no trust other than that the state of the blockchain, prior to a certain depth, is immutable. Permissioned blockchains, on the other hand, operate a blockchain amongst a set of known, identified and often vetted participants operating under a governance model that yields a certain degree of trust.

A permissioned blockchain provides a way to secure the interactions among a group of entities that have a common goal but which may not fully trust each other. By relying on the identities of the participants, a permissioned blockchain can use more traditional crash fault tolerant CFT or byzantine fault tolerant BFT consensus protocols that do not require costly mining.

Additionally, in such a permissioned context, the risk of a participant intentionally introducing malicious code through a smart contract is diminished. First, the participants are known to one another and all actions, whether submitting application transactions, modifying the configuration of the network or deploying a smart contract are recorded on the blockchain following an endorsement policy that was established for the network and relevant transaction type.

Rather than being completely anonymous, the guilty party can be easily identified and the incident handled in accordance with the terms of the governance model.

It is the business logic of a blockchain application. Most existing smart-contract capable blockchain platforms follow an order-execute architecture in which the consensus protocol:. Smart contracts executing in a blockchain that operates with the order-execute architecture must be deterministic; otherwise, consensus might never be reached. To address the non-determinism issue, many platforms require that the smart contracts be written in a non-standard, or domain-specific language such as Solidity so that non-deterministic operations can be eliminated.

This hinders wide-spread adoption because it requires developers writing smart contracts to learn a new language and may lead to programming errors.

Further, since all transactions are executed sequentially by all nodes, performance and scale is limited. The fact that the smart contract code executes on every node in the system demands that complex measures be taken to protect the overall system from potentially malicious contracts in order to ensure resiliency of the overall system.

Fabric introduces a new architecture for transactions that we call execute-order-validate. It addresses the resiliency, flexibility, scalability, performance and confidentiality challenges faced by the order-execute model by separating the transaction flow into three steps:. This design departs radically from the order-execute paradigm in that Fabric executes transactions before reaching final agreement on their order.

In Fabric, an application-specific endorsement policy specifies which peer nodes, or how many of them, need to vouch for the correct execution of a given smart contract. This allows for parallel execution increasing overall performance and scale of the system. This first phase also eliminates any non-determinism , as inconsistent results can be filtered out before ordering.

Because we have eliminated non-determinism, Fabric is the first blockchain technology that enables use of standard programming languages. As we have discussed, in a public, permissionless blockchain network that leverages PoW for its consensus model, transactions are executed on every node. This means that neither can there be confidentiality of the contracts themselves, nor of the transaction data that they process. Every transaction, and the code that implements it, is visible to every node in the network.

In this case, we have traded confidentiality of contract and data for byzantine fault tolerant consensus delivered by PoW. For example, in a network of supply-chain partners, some consumers might be given preferred rates as a means of either solidifying a relationship, or promoting additional sales.

If every participant can see every contract and transaction, it becomes impossible to maintain such business relationships in a completely transparent network — everyone will want the preferred rates! In order to address the lack of privacy and confidentiality for purposes of delivering on enterprise use case requirements, blockchain platforms have adopted a variety of approaches. All have their trade-offs. Encrypting data is one approach to providing confidentiality; however, in a permissionless network leveraging PoW for its consensus, the encrypted data is sitting on every node.

Given enough time and computational resource, the encryption could be broken. For many enterprise use cases, the risk that their information could become compromised is unacceptable.

Zero knowledge proofs ZKP are another area of research being explored to address this problem, the trade-off here being that, presently, computing a ZKP requires considerable time and computational resources.

Hence, the trade-off in this case is performance for confidentiality. In a permissioned context that can leverage alternate forms of consensus, one might explore approaches that restrict the distribution of confidential information exclusively to authorized nodes. Hyperledger Fabric, being a permissioned platform, enables confidentiality through its channel architecture and private data feature. In channels, participants on a Fabric network establish a sub-network where every member has visibility to a particular set of transactions.

Thus, only those nodes that participate in a channel have access to the smart contract chaincode and data transacted, preserving the privacy and confidentiality of both. Private data allows collections between members on a channel, allowing much of the same protection as channels without the maintenance overhead of creating and maintaining a separate channel.

The ordering of transactions is delegated to a modular component for consensus that is logically decoupled from the peers that execute transactions and maintain the ledger. Specifically, the ordering service. Since consensus is modular, its implementation can be tailored to the trust assumption of a particular deployment or solution. This modular architecture allows the platform to rely on well-established toolkits for CFT crash fault-tolerant or BFT byzantine fault-tolerant ordering.

Fabric currently offers a CFT ordering service implementation based on the etcd library of the Raft protocol. For information about currently available ordering services, check out our conceptual documentation about ordering.

Note also that these are not mutually exclusive. A Fabric network can have multiple ordering services supporting different applications or application requirements. Performance of a blockchain platform can be affected by many variables such as transaction size, block size, network size, as well as limits of the hardware, etc.

The Hyperledger Fabric Performance and Scale working group currently works on a benchmarking framework called Hyperledger Caliper. Several research papers have been published studying and testing the performance capabilities of Hyperledger Fabric. The latest scaled Fabric to 20, transactions per second.

Any serious evaluation of blockchain platforms should include Hyperledger Fabric in its short list. Combined, the differentiating capabilities of Fabric make it a highly scalable system for permissioned blockchains supporting flexible trust assumptions that enable the platform to support a wide range of industry use cases ranging from government, to finance, to supply-chain logistics, to healthcare and so much more.

Hyperledger Fabric is the most active of the Hyperledger projects. The community building around the platform is growing steadily, and the innovation delivered with each successive release far out-paces any of the other enterprise blockchain platforms.

Glossary Releases Still Have Questions? Docs » Introduction Edit on GitHub. At a high level, Fabric is comprised of the following modular components: A pluggable ordering service establishes consensus on the order of transactions and then broadcasts blocks to peers.

A pluggable membership service provider is responsible for associating entities in the network with cryptographic identities. An optional peer-to-peer gossip service disseminates the blocks output by ordering service to other peers.

Docker for isolation. They can be written in standard programming languages but do not have direct access to the ledger state. The ledger can be configured to support a variety of DBMSs. A pluggable endorsement and validation policy enforcement that can be independently configured per application.

There are three key points that apply to smart contracts, especially when applied to a platform: many smart contracts run concurrently in the network, they may be deployed dynamically in many cases by anyone , and application code should be treated as untrusted, potentially even malicious.

Most existing smart-contract capable blockchain platforms follow an order-execute architecture in which the consensus protocol: validates and orders transactions then propagates them to all peer nodes, each peer then executes the transactions sequentially. It addresses the resiliency, flexibility, scalability, performance and confidentiality challenges faced by the order-execute model by separating the transaction flow into three steps: execute a transaction and check its correctness, thereby endorsing it, order transactions via a pluggable consensus protocol, and validate transactions against an application-specific endorsement policy before committing them to the ledger This design departs radically from the order-execute paradigm in that Fabric executes transactions before reaching final agreement on their order.

Read the Docs v: release

The rise of private blockchains

Hyperledger is a global enterprise blockchain project that offers the necessary framework, standards, guidelines, and tools to build open-source blockchains and related applications for use across various industries. Hyperledger's projects include a variety of enterprise-ready permissioned blockchain platforms, where network participants are known to one another and therefore have an intrinsic interest in participating in the consensus-making process. Using the available components under the Hyperledger umbrella, a business can apply various modular blockchain solutions and services to significantly improve the performance of their operations and the efficiency of their business processes. It started with 30 member firms and has grown to more than member companies today.

Blockchain vs Hedera Hashgraph

Developers describe Hyperledger Fabric as " An open source initiative to advance blockchain technology ". It is a collaborative effort created to advance blockchain technology by identifying and addressing important features and currently missing requirements. On the other hand, MultiChain is detailed as " Open platform for blockchain applications ". It is a platform that helps users to establish a certain private Blockchains that can be used by the organizations for financial transactions. Hyperledger Fabric and MultiChain belong to "Blockchain" category of the tech stack. Hyperledger Fabric is an open source tool with 8. Here's a link to Hyperledger Fabric's open source repository on GitHub. Get Advice.

Public vs. Consortium vs. Federated vs. Private Blockchain

Ethereum was designed to be a Turing-complete, general-purpose blockchain, capable of supporting all kinds of applications through the execution of smart contracts. Its creators and early contributors sought to provide a solid foundation upon which more specialized Layer 2 solutions could be built. The protocol has been able to maintain a broad appeal and attract a variety of blockchain projects, ranging from games and customer apps to innovative financial services and fundraising tools. Naturally, this has created a need for Layer 2 platforms that could bring form and function to the blank canvas provided by Ethereum.

Distributed Ledger Frameworks Comparison: Corda vs Hyperledger Fabric

Hyperledger Fabric is becoming the most popular blockchain framework used by enterprises and medium-sized companies. Due to its flexibility and power, however, it can be difficult to understand. In this article we will be looking at its components and parts, and provide a gentle guide to getting started. Before we delve into the good stuff, it is essential to understand what blockchain is, why it's important, and how it works. These are the first steps for getting into the world of blockchain and the frameworks which allow you to build on top of it. Blockchain is a technology that allows for a distributed ledger that keeps track of all changes, or transactions that occur within a network.

Ethereum vs Hyperledger Fabric

A public blockchain is a blockchain in which anyone can participate. And with a private blockchain there is a single participant, or a single group, that determines the rules. Bitcoin is an example of a public blockchain. With a public blockchain, there is not a single authority that can alone control how the state of the blockchain evolves. The decisive feature why a public blockchain is public is because there are no restrictions on new participants. Therefore, data on public blockchains can be accessed by everyone. By issuing a digital currency, an incentive is created for each participant to behave fairly. The main application for public blockchains currently is the issuance of a digital currency.

Hyperledger Vs Ethereum: Which One You Should Pick in 2022?

Digitalization is one of the most important pillars of innovative business activities and in the longer term, it contributes to the competitiveness of Switzerland. DLT describes decentralized and digitally managed ledgers. To put it simply, they are databases which are kept on a large number of networked computers. Information is validated based on a consensus mechanism, stored in blocks.

Hyperledger vs NEM: Blockchain Technologies to Look for in 2019

RELATED VIDEO: What Is Hyperledger? - What Is Hyperledger Fabric In Blockchain? - Blockchain Tutorial - Simplilearn

Since the arrival of Blockchain technology, a number of concepts and tech setups have come to light. However, when it comes to picking a blockchain to store data or implement the concept in business processes. Picking the right blockchain system is critical to incur maximum benefits. Currently, Hyperledger and Ethereum are two popular blockchains attracting businesses.

Hyperledger Fabric: A Global Leader in Enterprise DLT

Qassim Nasir, Ilham A. Blockchain is a key technology that has the potential to decentralize the way we store, share, and manage information and data. One of the more recent blockchain platforms that has emerged is Hyperledger Fabric, an open source, permissioned blockchain that was introduced by IBM, first as Hyperledger Fabric v0. Although there are many blockchain platforms, there is no clear methodology for evaluating and assessing the different blockchain platforms in terms of their various aspects, such as performance, security, and scalability. In addition, the new version of Hyperledger Fabric was never evaluated against any other blockchain platform. In this paper, we will first conduct a performance analysis of the two versions of Hyperledger Fabric, v0. The performance evaluation of the two platforms will be assessed in terms of execution time, latency, and throughput, by varying the workload in each platform up to 10, transactions.

Ep.53 – Debate – Public vs Private blockchains for enterprises with R3 and Consensys

Skip to Main Content. A not-for-profit organization, IEEE is the world's largest technical professional organization dedicated to advancing technology for the benefit of humanity. Use of this web site signifies your agreement to the terms and conditions. Blockchain is transforming the traditional approach of storing and managing data in a single location into a decentralized ledger.