Flow crypto price elasticity of demand
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- A to Z of business calculations
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- Music Business Finance for Entrepreneurs
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- Management Discussion and Analysis
- Definition of 'Price Mechanism'
- Bitcoin, Debt And Elasticity: A Rebuttal To Michael Green
- Hitting the Books: How Bitcoin is somehow worth more than the paper it's printed on
- New forms of digital money
Connectors
Since these are based on certain assumptions and expectations of future events, the Company cannot guarantee that these are accurate or will be realised. The Company assumes no responsibility to publicly amend, modify or revise any such statements on the basis of subsequent developments, information or events. The Company disclaims any obligation to update these forward-looking statements, except as may be required by law.
The global economy grew at 2. Chinese growth moderated but held up at 6. Amidst trade tensions and Brexit related uncertainty, EU growth also weakened to 1. However, with talks of trade resolution in second half of , Europe started to see some recovery in growth. Brexit, which was a key uncertainty for Europe over the last two years, also saw resolution towards end The US economy remained relatively strong growing at 2. Global trade environment remained challenging due to heightened trade tensions.
Partial roll-back of some US tariffs in exchange for Chinese commitments to make additional purchases of US products mark a deescalation of trade tensions.
Global oil demand growth declined to 0. Oil demand growth continued to be led by China, India and other Asian economies. However, capacity addition across key petrochemical products significantly outpaced demand growth, pushing down prices and margins to multi-year low for these products. There has been coordinated global monetary policy easing and fiscal support from governments. These policy support measures would act as cushions offsetting weakness in growth to some extent.
However, global economic activity is likely to contract in and global growth environment will remain challenging in the short term. The Indian economy grew by 4. Industrial activity remained healthy in the beginning of the year, but saw some weakness later. Auto sales suffered due to weak credit conditions, demand softness, and change in regulatory norms. ATF growth Thrust on policy initiatives continued.
FY saw consolidation of Public Sector Banks, which should strengthen the banking sector. Non-performing loans in the banking sector have come down to 9. With continued policy initiatives, India further continued its climb in the Ease of Doing Business rankings, climbing up 14 places to reach the 63rd rank.
India is the only major country to have moved up by 67 places in just 4 years. FY also saw corporate tax cut being announced, further easing business environment. Government also announced significant rebates for new manufacturing units to attract global supply chains. Outbreak of COVID would make growth environment challenging in first half of FY but liquidity measures announced by the government should help provide support.
Domestic data usage and use of digital platforms continue to gain traction in India. Reliance Jio has become the second largest single-country operator in the world. The extra-ordinary circumstances unfolding in has underscored the need for strong data networks.
Increasingly, digital platforms have become critical for home, business and school connectivity. Reliance executed on the next phase of its growth journey in FY , forging transformative partnerships across businesses. In the Energy businesses, Reliance is working to complete the contours of a defining strategic partnership with Saudi Aramco Aramco.
Reliance and Aramco share a common outlook and vision on the evolution of the business in the future with emphasis on higher oil-tochemicals conversion. The partnership gives the refineries access to a wide portfolio of value accretive crude grades and enhanced feedstock security. In the fuel retail business, Reliance and British Petroleum BP formed a new joint venture to grow the retail service station network and aviation fuels business across India. In Digital Services, Reliance is working with Microsoft to enhance adoption of leading technologies like data analytics, AI, cognitive services, blockchain, Internet of Things, and edge computing among small and medium enterprises.
Additionally, the partnership seeks to empower people seeking various digital services. In the current financial year, Reliance completed its first Rights Issue in 3 decades. It was the largest Rights Offering by a non-financial company globally in the last years and enabled participation of all shareholders in growth businesses of Reliance. The Rights offering received an overwhelming response, despite the challenges presented by the lockdown.
Overall subscription for the issue was at 1. Scale economics along with strong competitive cost positions across the chain helped Reliance sustain positive contribution through this unprecedented phase. Apart from ensuring safety and well-being of employees through the pandemic, Reliance significantly stepped up support to the Community.
The Covid response included use of facilities for production of grades and equipment used in medical applications, steps to support state medical infrastructure and contributions to social efforts in helping marginalized communities and migrant workers. Reliance is geared to provide products and services needed by Indian consumers as the economy emerges from the lock-down. Robust performance for the year reflects benefits of our integrated Oil to Chemicals O2C value chain and the rapid scale-up of our consumer businesses.
For the year, our O2C businesses reported resilient performance despite unprecedented macro challenges. Our O2C business has inherent strengths due to feedstock flexibility and cost competitive positions across products. The cost economics also benefitted from the high operating rates we were able to maintain by leveraging our robust product placement capabilities. Our O2C business, with new partnerships, is well poised to pursue growth and sustainable value creation in the coming years.
Our consumer and technology led businesses continue to be guided by our obsession to provide the best value to our customers. Jio has continued on its unprecedented growth journey receiving overwhelming customer response for best-in-class mobile connectivity services.
We are steadfast in our commitment to capital discipline and financial strength. We remain focused on operating excellence, executing our growth projects, improving returns on assets and shareholder value enhancement. Increase in revenue was primarily on account of higher revenue from Consumer Business. Revenues for the Refining and Petrochemical business declined in line with fall in average oil and product prices for the year. Profit After Tax excluding exceptional items was higher by Retail - Reliance Retail continues to grow in scale, driven by new store expansion across the geography, improving store throughput and favourable product mix.
Operating leverage is resulting in release of strong operating cash flows to continue making requisite investments for securing future readiness and delivering profitable growth. The business continues to improve customer experience across all store concepts and focuses on providing unmatched value proposition, which has resulted in robust growth in footfalls and operating metrics. Roll-out of the Digital Commerce initiative will open up further growth opportunities for the organised retail business, leveraging the best of our consumer and digital platforms.
Organised Retail revenues grew by Digital Services - Reliance Jio has been the key catalyst in creating the broadband data market in India. Building on this success, Jio is rolling out its state-of-the-art wireline services across Homes and Enterprises.
All this will help lay a strong foundation for offering platform based digital services. To further facilitate this from the perspective of business organisation, Jio has consolidated all its technology capabilities, investments and connectivity business into a single holding company called Jio Platforms Limited. Reliance Jio reported strong financial performance for the year.
The fallout of the global pandemic impacted commodity markets and prices in the last quarter of FY Despite the challenging industry conditions, Oil to Chemicals O2C business delivered a resilient performance. Refining and Marketing — Revenue including inter segment transfers decreased by 1.
The impact in revenue was because of lower price realisation in domestic and export markets due to fall in crude prices. Petrochemicals — Revenue including inter segment transfers decreased by Oil and Gas — Revenues decreased by Volumes from domestic upstream fields and US shale were lower on account of natural decline and slowdown in development activity. For the year, domestic production RIL share was at The increase was primarily on account of higher loan balances, currency depreciation and lower interest capitalisation on account of commissioning of digital projects.
Depreciation including depletion and amortisation was higher by 6. Increase in depreciation was primarily on account of capitalisation of Gasification and digital services projects. Capital expenditure was principally on account of the digital services business, projects in the petrochemicals and refining business and in the organised retail business.
To be the most admired and successful organised retail company in India that enhances the quality of life of every Indian. FY has been a growth year for Reliance Retail with all consumption baskets consistently delivering on business strategy.
Current positioning of the business and the business momentum is highlighted in the following points:. SMART Point, a neighborhood store concept took less than 45 days from design conceptualisation to launch during which 18 stores were opened across Thane, Navi Mumbai and Kalyan in Maharashtra. Reliance Retail has the largest customer franchise of over million registered customers who patronise all its diverse store concepts.
Reliance Retail serves millions of customers every week who visit the stores and make them an important part of their shopping mission.
This enables Reliance Retail to touch and improve the lives of its consumers across diverse needs. Reliance Retail continues to penetrate further into smaller towns through new store expansion across all store concepts. Reliance Retail stores enjoy first mover advantage in a large number of markets which remain underserved by organised retail. Buying Vendor Ecosystem Comprehensive network of vendors from farmers to large enterprises.
Channel Ecosystem Comprehensive network of vendors from farmers to large enterprises. Selling Providing anytime, anywhere, shopping experience through stores, e-com, connected kiosks and catalogue sales; after sales service through resQ and dedicated customer care. Data Analytics Serving individuals, kiranas, hotels, restaurants, caterers and B2B customers; engagement through loyalty programme, enriching shopping experience through consumer insights.
Leveraging technology backbone across entire value chain and integrated IT systems. Inhouse engineering, procurement and construction team supporting rapid expansion. People - microservices organisation with defined roles and responsibilities. In just 14 years of launch, Reliance Retail has accomplished a feat which no other retailer has achieved.
A to Z of business calculations
Bitcoin Basics. How to Store Bitcoin. Bitcoin Mining. Key Highlights.
Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System
Information extraction is the process of filtering through unstructured data and extracting cruci The new era of brand management incorporates AI, which can only help businesses. Learn more about Private blockchain is a type of blockchain where there is single authority whereas in a public bl Network as a service NaaS is a subscription-based business model for delivering enterprise-wide Take a look at the different advertising techniques used by the companies to promote their produc Elasticity of demand is the percentage change in quantity demanded divided by the percentage chan From social, psychological, personal, economic to cultural, learn what are the factors influencin
Music Business Finance for Entrepreneurs
Conviction that Bitcoin and an honest monetary system are fundamental to freedom can inspire cooperation between unlikely partners. In the same way that a year passes through a series of seasons, so too does Bitcoin appear to follow a seasonal trajectory during each halving cycle. As we enter Bitcoin Spring, price discovery and growth within this industry will begin to accelerate as Bitcoin begins to draw more interest from people outside of the community. However, growth within the industry is not the only growth to be had.
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Meet industry leaders and learn about their projects. The 0x protocol is an open standard for building decentralized exchanges DEXs on the Ethereum blockchain. Launched in , 0x enables developers to incorporate peer-to-peer digital asset exchange into platforms and apps. The 1inch Liquidity Protocol is an automated market maker AMM that is designed to increase liquidity on the protocol and to make use of virtual balances in order to decrease impermanent loss. The modeling process uses data points to represent objects in three-dimensional space, which is then rendered from 3D models into 2D images through a computationally heavy process.
Management Discussion and Analysis
Definition: Price mechanism refers to the system where the forces of demand and supply determine the prices of commodities and the changes therein. It is the buyers and sellers who actually determine the price of a commodity. Definition: Price mechanism is the outcome of the free play of market forces of demand and supply. However, sometimes the government controls the price mechanism to make commodities affordable for the poor people too. For example , the Government of India recently passed an order to decontrol the prices of diesel and remove it from the jurisdiction of the government. Now the prices will be determined by the demand from consumers and supply from the oil companies. Service tax is a tax levied by the government on service providers on certain service transactions, but is actually borne by the customers. It is categorized under Indirect Tax and came into existence under the Finance Act,
Definition of 'Price Mechanism'
Stay up-to-date with the latest business and accountancy news: Sign up for daily news alerts. Skip to content. A to Z of business calculations An A to Z of business calculations, formulas and ratios from our collection of online reference books.
Bitcoin, Debt And Elasticity: A Rebuttal To Michael Green
RELATED VIDEO: Инсайды по FLOW - когда надо ПОКУПАТЬ?!Demand response is a change in the power consumption of an electric utility customer to better match the demand for power with the supply. Until recently electric energy could not be easily stored, so utilities have traditionally matched demand and supply by throttling the production rate of their power plants , taking generating units on or off line, or importing power from other utilities. There are limits to what can be achieved on the supply side, because some generating units can take a long time to come up to full power, some units may be very expensive to operate, and demand can at times be greater than the capacity of all the available power plants put together. Demand response seeks to adjust the demand for power instead of adjusting the supply.
Hitting the Books: How Bitcoin is somehow worth more than the paper it's printed on
Financial Innovation volume 5 , Article number: 7 Cite this article. Metrics details. Cointegration analysis is investigated using the autoregressive-distributed lag bounds ARDL Bounds test and vector autoregressive cointegration. Additionally, cointegrating equations such as the fully modified ordinary least square, dynamic ordinary least squares, and canonical cointegrating regression are applied to check the long-run elasticities in the concerned relationship. The cointegrating equation outcomes demonstrate elasticities whereby both coefficients have negative signs. Additionally, the same results are corroborated by the impulse response where all variables respond negatively to each other. Based on the theoretical model proposed by Chen, Roll and Ross Chen et al.
New forms of digital money
While the food and agribusiness sector as a whole has been relatively less affected since the full weight of the pandemic hit, new challenges continue to emerge including weakness in demand in key agricultural markets. Initially we saw the panic buying phase that spiked retail sales and caused food processors to rapidly respond to demand. In this initial phase markets began to close e. China — and export channels for products such as seafood were shutdown.
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